Interrogative

• the preposition goes at the end of the question - Who did you send these pictures to?*
• the adverb goes at the end of the question - *Where are you living now?
• [AUX] is do, be, have, or modal verb
• [SQ] = [AUX] [Subject] [Verb] (prepostion) (adverb) - Yes/no question (with prepostion)
• Most English interrogative words can take the suffix -ever, to form words such as whatever and wherever. (Older forms of the suffix are -so and -soever, as in whoso and whomsoever.) These words have the following main meanings:
  • As more emphatic interrogative words, often expressing disbelief or puzzlement in mainly rhetorical questions: Whoever could have done such a thing? Wherever has he gone? Whoever thought up that stupid idea? ^[see more at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interrogative_word#Forms_with_-ever]

pronouns and determiner

what, which

pronoun

• Affirmative: You want to talk today about trips
• Interrogatives: what [SQ]
  • What do you want to talk about today?
  • What does it cost?
  • What is your name?

in which, it can be with PP (‘of those houses’) Which of those houses do you live in

determiner

like which, especially which of an open-ended set of possibilities.

• Affirmative: [subject] [verb] [object-type] The lion eats meat
• Interrogatives: what [object] [SQ] - What food does the lion eat?
  • What time is it?
  • What color are you going to use?

In cases where both “what” and “which” are possible, with similar meaning, “what” is preferred for open-ended choices, while “which” is preferred for choices from a closed group or set. For example, “Which one of these do you want?” not “What one of these do you want?“.

what as adverb

In what way; to what extent.

• What does it matter?
• What do you care?

who and whom

pronoun

• Affirmative: Daniel saw Joe.
  • pronoun of subject:
    • Who saw Joe? (who = subject = ‘Daniel’) - who [verb] [object]
    • I don’t know who saw Joe. (indirect question)
  • pronoun of direct object:
    • Whom did Daniel see? (whom = direct object = ‘Joe’) whom [aux] [subject] [verb]
    • I don’t know whom Daniel sees. (indirect question)
• Affirmative: Robin gave candy to the child.
  • pronoun of subject: (‘Robin’)
    • Who gave candy to the child?
  • pronoun of indirect object (‘child’)
    • To whom did Robin give candy? (formal)
    • Who did Robin give candy to? (informal)
• Affirmative: You speak to Bob
  • pronoun of direct object (‘Bob’) with preposition
    • To whom did you speak? (formal)
    • Who did you speak to? (informal)
• Affirmative: Leo ate my sandwich.
  • pronoun of subject: (who=‘Leo’)
    • Who ate my sandwich?
  • pronoun of non-human direct object (what=‘my sandwich’)
    • What did Leo eat?

Usage notes

• (Preposition) whom… (formal) and Who … (preposition) (informal) are used where in the affirmative there is (verb) (preposition) (someone).
  • With whom did you go? (formal). Who did you go with? (informal)
  • To whom did you give it? (formal). Who did you give it to? (informal)
  • Of whom are you speaking? (formal) Who are you speaking of? (informal)
• Who can also be used as an object pronoun instead whom, especially in informal writing and speech, and whom may be seen as (overly) formal.

whose

• possessive form of who
  • determiner:
    • Whose bike is that? (That is Daniel’s bike)
    • Whose house is this? (This is his house)
    • That’s a nice coat - I wonder whose it is? (That is Bob’s coat)
  • pronoun:
    • Whose is this? (This is mine)
    • Whose do you like best?
    • Several people have lost their suitcases. Whose have you found? (I’ve found Daniel’s)

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Adverbs

where, why, when and how

Direct	Indirect
Where did she leave the keys?	Can you tell me where she left the keys?
Where did you buy those shoes?	Can you tell me where you bought those shoes?
Where will you be working next monday?	He tell me where you will be working next Monday.
Where does she live?	I don’t know where she lives.
Where does this wine come from?	Can you tell me where this wine comes from?
Where are you from?	Can you tell me where you are from?
Where is the station?	Can you tell me where the station is?
Where did you come from?	Can you tell me where you came from?
Where were you waiting for?	Can you tell me where you were waiting?
Where am I taking this to?	Can you tell me where I am taking this to?
When can I see you again?	Do you know when I can see you again?
When will this film end?	She asked when this film will end.
How do I solve this puzzle?	She asked me how I solve this puzzle.
How often do you practice?	Did She know how often you practice?
Why did she eat that?	Tell me why she ate that.